Benefits cap
  • So the various benefits cuts are starting to take shape and it's announced that there's going to be a total benefit cap of £26,000. It's suggested that this most affects people in London, who are going to be forced to move out of places like ours to far distant suburbs.

    Does anyone know anyone who thinks they would be affected by this?

    I'm genuinely curious about how this works in practice, both in terms of housing demand, people moving and so on. I'm not interested in people making party political points, I'm just interested in people's practical experience of how the system works.

  • I haven't fully engaged with this issue yet, but my first thought is that 26k is more than I currently earn (while not living in the far-flung outer suburbs), and is more than the average wage (last time I checked). On the face of it, not unreasonable. Therefore I too would like to better understand who would be negatively affected by this.

  • @Arkady - my understanding is that the £26k limit is for a household rather than per person.

  • I think it's per family, which is not a large sum to live off in London by any stretch. However, without going into amounts, my household income is more than twice that, and with no dependants, I still cannot afford to buy a 2 bed garden flat in stroud green. So if I wasn't working at all, I am not sure why I would expect to live so centrally.
  • The Evening Standard says there will be a cap of £250 a week for a two-bedroom property, £400 for a four-bed home. Rightmove brings up 1 4-bed and 3 2-beds that would qualify.
  • Yeah, I think this is likelier to hit families on benefits, in particular the sort you already see on the tabloid front pages whenever there's a slow day - DOLE MUM'S 12 KIDS BY DIFFERENT DADS or whatever. For whom, to say the least, my heart does not bleed (there should be no subsidy of any kind for children past the first for anyone, barring the happenstance of multiple births). Whether it will affect eg my single parent friend with one kid and a Hackney flat, I don't know, but I would be surprised.
  • @lisbet - I agree. The only way I have been able to afford even a one bedroom flat in Stroud Green (ish) is to buy a derelict one, complete with smashed windows, and do it up from scratch myself. And I have been working full time for 10 years without any gaps.

    Surely the point of benefits is to make sure people are safe, secure, healthy and warm until they are more able to support themselves - ie. not having a veto over which postcode you live in - but if someone's been employed all their life and then becomes genuinely unable to work long term it seems a bit harsh to turf them out of the area!

    I like the sound of the system in Germany (?) where (this may be an oversimplification) the more you work, the more credits you rack up so if something bad happens you'll be better supported by the state - this seems a clever way of making it worth people's while to get a job without removing the welfare state altogether.

    And spare me the people who are complaining because one partner earns more than £48k so they've lost their child benefit - I don't pay tax so that they can afford two holidays a year.

    Very interesting inversion of normal party political standpoints at the moment...
  • @ADGS it is not reasonable to refuse benefits to people who have more than one child because it is not the "fault" of the children. Remove the benefits to punish the adults and the children suffer poverty and deprivation. Equally the reasons why some families claiming benefits have several children are complex and cannot be addressed by the reduction of benefits.

    Whilst I am wholeheartedly in favour of both simplifying the benefit system and enabling people to work by ending the current system where you are, in fact, penalised for working, I also feel uneasy about the cap for London. It feels a lot like social engineering as I cannot believe that the disparity in costs has not been considered.

    Equally, I am not against the loss of child benefit for those in the upper tax bracket (of which I am one..just) however I am incensed at the idea that this will be ofset for MARRIED COUPLES through a transferable tax allowance. I am a single mum, no one supports me and my kid but me, I have always worked, I saved for 15 years to raise the deposit for a flat and apparently I am to subsidise middle class families who have the luxury of a stay at home partner??!!
  • Yes, that is shocking and lunatic. I had hoped that this time round they would be able to accept that it was no longer the 1950s - alas not.
  • So, in general, people's response has been "well if I can get by on £x, then I don't see why I should subsidise someone else to get £x+". Which sounds like the cap at an average wage is smart politics if nothing else.

    But I'd still be interested to hear reasonable justifications for benefits at those levels, rather than our own straw men about who these recipients are.

    I was wondering if the household cap might affect multi-generational benefit claimants. So if two parents with an adult child also on benefits might go over the cap, the obvious outcome will be that the kid gets kicked out.

    @siolae - I think any married allowance is a sop to the press. It won't offset. Losing benefit is worth a couple of thousand, but the married tax allowance is advertised at around £140.

  • Andy, the FT Westminster blog had a pretty well-informed comment, which I have taken the liberty of pasting below. The cap will affect a surprisingly high number of households. The key is to combine three or more children with reasonably high housing benefit. The previous government made eliminating child poverty a huge focus over more than a decade. But they used a static rather than a dynamic model for this. In practice this meant that workless families with several children needed a very large and ever-increasing amount of money flung at them via benefits in order to ensure the children were not "poor" (on an equivalised basis and using the threshold of 60% of median incomes after housing costs, which is very much a moving target). Far less thought was given to the second-order question of how incentives are changed for various people down the line when making choices about work, family size etc.


    [http://blogs.ft.com/westminster/2010/10/live-george-osborne-at-the-tory-conference/#more-62241](From FT blogs:)

    AB 12.37 Just spoke to Ian Mulheirn of the Social Market Foundation, a former Treasury official who is one of the top experts on all these welfare changes.

    It sounds like the cap on benefits will be around £500 per week, which amounts to £26,000 a year for the household.

    This basically means it targets families with three or more children who are claiming a relatively high level of housing benefit (i.e. they are living in a home in outer London). Ian has worked out that the housing benefit claim needs to be around £220 per week, given the other benefits that are available for children and those out of work.

    This basically means that the cap on benefits is another assault on housing benefit, which took a big hit in the emergency budget. The number of people affected adds up to around 200,000, according to Ian. It seems like this will raise significantly less than £1bn, so it is as much about the symbolism as the savings.

  • Siolae - I don't dispute that "the reasons why some families claiming benefits have several children are complex and cannot be addressed by the reduction of benefits". However, any policy which incentivises continued exacerbation of overpopulation should be stopped immediately, and ideally reversed, as a first step. After that we can work on the fine-tuning.
  • I agree with ADGS on that limited point.

  • Thanks Alex - interesting blog. Looks like, in practice, it's another swing at housing benefit.

  • Capping at 26k sounds like a fair argument, problem in practive will be that for those families looking for work they will by definiton get moved away from the more proposerous parts of the country and end up in areas with other claimants - reducing the chances of them finding work - assuming they are actually looking.
  • Yeah, because on top of the competition, shops and services aren't going to open in those areas because only people on the breadline live there. But an inability to grasp the concept of a vicious circle does seem to be key to Cameronomics.
  • I am interested by the idea that we can discuss this without being 'party political' since the cuts are so obviously ideological. Child benefit is the only universal benefit,which means it is the only one that is widely taken up (generally, more benefit is lost in not being claimed than is lost through fraud or error). also everyone forgets that it is a benefit for whoever cares for the children, usually women. Even wealthy households do not necessarily share income fairly ... Before this cut was announced, 70-75% of the burden of these cuts was felt by women. As for housing benefit, the major reason it is so expensive to the Treasury is the runaway house-price (and therefore rent) inflation provoked by the sale of council houses and relaxation of mortgage restrictions in the 1980s. It will hit working households as well as the unemployed and those with disabilities and will make it much harder for people toget back into work if they cannot live in areas that have good public transport or are near their existing networks of friends and relatives. Given that these attacks on the welfare state are being rushed through with so little thought that the government hasn't worked out an accurate way of assessing who to attack (ie child benefit anomalies), it does not look as if the move is an economic one. What is more, it is pandering to the more selfish views of society, quite successfully to judge from some of the comments here. Remember, the children of today will pay your pension tomorrow and will create the world in which you live as an older person.
  • All those wasted LibDem votes !

    I think that the theory that runaway house-price (and therefore rent) is an interesting statement as it may not be necessarily true.

    If you look at the Economist International House Price index it is based on multipliers of achievable rent as rent can be counted as a return on an investment. It shows in the UK that house prices are away over valued on the returns that rents can actually offer.

    That infers that it is a little simplistic to say house prices go up, less people can buy so more people, have to rent , up goes rent.

    Are there any Economist out there who could better explain this ?

  • Amanda, I don't think this is as ideological as you suggest, indeed I'm concerned that it’s easy to fall back on routine lines of thought on this issue. For the record I’m not a Tory, and I’m to the left of both Labour and the Lib Dems on many issues. But I don’t have a problem with ceasing to reward people who choose to have lots of children, or ceasing to pay benefits to people who receive more than the average income. I’m a little twitchy about the £44 grand cut-off being for an individual rather than a household, but I’ve seen enough condemnatory studies on the efficiency of means-testing to accept that it would be difficulty to implement it differently. I’m afraid that I can’t accept that it is fair to pay wealthy families child benefit on the off chance that family income might not be shared equally! I rather doubt there are many well-off parents leaving their partner and children to starve.

    I do agree that we need to rethink our attitude to housing though. Ceasing to act as though we can indefinitely grow the population of the country would be a good start. Maybe ‘Cameronomics’ has considered that trying to lower birth-rates through lowering child benefit will positively impact housing costs in the long term!

  • Andy, hat's off for the attempt at collecting views without party politics! I'm with Amanda as after a while politics spills back into the conversation because what we're seeing is all politics and very little to do with economics.

    As for the housing market some £5billion was given to London's mayor by the last govt. for him to rebalance the private rented sector with new housing and I doubt if BJ will even come close to spending this during his reign.

    I fear that what we're seeing is a ministerial p***ing contest for the biggest cuts and accompanying headlines. Hence the announcements seem to run ahead of full research into cost, impact and implementation.
  • Twinspark, you have a tendency to conflate ‘poltics’ and ‘party politics’.

  • The reason to talk about this without a party political line is to try to understand what will really happen.

    I want to know, in practice, how it will really affect people's lives. And to base that on what we know, rather than speculation, or what we've heard reported.

    To do this, we have to ignore motives a little bit (ignoring whether it's being done to 'prudently cut the deficit' or 'because they hate the welfare state') because I'm interested in impact and facts rather than rhetoric.

    For example, I was surprised to hear that for all the talk of swingeing cuts, the 2011 'austerity' budget will be bigger, in real terms, than Brown's election-winning 2005 budget.

    Do anyone of us know anyone receiving that level of benefit, in total that exceeds that amount?

  • @ali - there aren't enough children of tomorrow to pay for your pension. The dependency ratio won't allow it. So you have three choices: 1. mass immigration to create a young enough labour force to support all the retirees or 2. radical scaling back of pension provision to make pensions smaller, more restricted and available later in life. 3 compulsory savings for pensions.

    The reality will be a mix of 1, 2 and 3. The only pension provision you can count on is that which you have saved for yourself, and even then I wouldn't bet on the rules changing about getting your hands on it.

    This isn't party political in any way. It's just raw numbers. There aren't enough people, high enough investment returns, or enough people saving.

  • Andy not sure where your coming from? I mentioned wasted votes and a theory around how the housing rental market may operate, nothing about pensions!

    What you say about pensions is probably correct in most Western Countries as well as China, India is one of the exceptions in that it’s “baby boomers” period is just beginning !

    Investing to supplement work and state pensions is the way to go and is what I do

  • Sorry! Ali - I meant Amanda!

  • Okay. I thought Bob Crows reaction to the Hutton report was interesting:

    “Bob Crow, general secretary of the Rail Maritime and Transport union, said: “The summary of the ConDem pension enforcers' proposals is clear — work longer, pay more and get less. This attack on the people who make this country tick will spark a furious backlash and will drive millions on to the streets in French-style protests to stop the great pensions robbery.””

    I think I can remember some time in the past on here that SGR was described as a French Style Boulevard so maybe we have riots coming !

    Interestingly Hutton has kind of confirmed that all the nonsense in certain areas of the press before the election is nonsense. It turns out the average public sector pension is circa £7k. I also believe the average pay in the public sector is around £21k. How hard/smartly they actually work for that I know through experience on both sides of the fence is a matter of debate.

  • Has anyone considered that I might be worst off? I have no kids - no benefit. If I plan to, I'm over the threshold anyway - no benefit. I'm not married either - no future benefit. I've been paying income tax for 20 years and never drawn any benefit. I've been paying into a private pension for 10 years, but by the time I'm due to retire, I'll probably be dead, having worked my ass off for 50 years trying to keep the welfare state afloat.

    BTW, I've said it before, but Bob Crow is a dick. He'll do his best to bring the country to its knees just to get on telly. If he thinks he can elicit the same kind of support for a general strike that they do on the continent, he's a bigger idiot than he looks. He'll try and do it off the back of the pensions deficit and probably again call for "civil disobedience'. To suggest that his members are the ones responsible for keeping the country running is an insult to the private sector. In fact, I wondered whether Bob Crow himself could be picketed. Surely you just need to lock arms around him every time a camera crew goes near him.

  • Bob Crow is indeed a dick, but among the prime reasons for that is how bad he makes unions in general look. The guy's a gift to the Mail, Murdoch &c in terms of how much shit he thinks he can pull, a walking example of an anti-unionist's caricature of a union boss.
  • @Amanda, taking into account that means testing is very difficult to do successfully without introducing all kinds of perverse outcomes, I actually think the child benefit cap is quite a progressive measure. Essentially it should redistribute cash from wealthier members of society to poorer people and I can't see anything wrong with that.

    Sure, it's a blunt approach, but benefits are supposed to be there to help the poorest, rather than to provide the middle classes with a bit of extra pocket money.

    I agree that it's unfortunate that this budget cut will disproportionately affect women (I'm female) but on balance I think it's most important that less well-off people of both sexes will still receive the benefit (after all it's supposed to be for their kids). I'd be very uncomfortable indeed if wealthier women were getting it at the expense of poorer men.

    And I'm not making a party political point - in fact I'm the quintessential floating voter.

    Anyway, that's my twopenneth for the evening.
  • @Crouchend tiger. Whilst in principle I agree with you re the cap on benefit and the distribution of wealth this is not what is going to happen in practice as the cap is going to be on an individual's income and not on household income. This effectively means that single parent households who are just inside the higher tax bracket will lose both child benefit, not to mention the child care element of child tax benefit (which is the only reason I was able to work in the first place and not have to claim benefit after my daughter was born) whilst 2 parent households where both earners are just below the upper tax bracket will not lose any benefit at all. So if you have a combined income of £86000 you are quids in.
  • I think Ed Miliband showed himself up on Sunday Politics Show saying Millionaires should get child benefit. Following my earlier 'woh is me' post, I found his comment about child tax credit being a 'universal benefit' rather insulting if not naive. I have no kids so its NOT universal. It raises an interesting point about people who never have kids or even people who CANNOT have kids, which surely makes his comments discriminatory. Why should childless adults subsidize everyone else? or is that a stupid way of looking at things?

  • Why should well people subsidize unwell rich people who use the NHS ?

    Thought this article in Saturdays Guardian has got all this about right http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/oct/08/alan-johnson-cameron-chainsaw-mob

    To coin a phrase “It is ideological stupid !”

  • @Ali hear bloody hear! I am genuinely scared about what is happening. It is increasingly feeling like a return to the early 80s but at least then they were upfront about it.
  • I'd love to be ble to see the tone of the conversations right now if Labour had won. Recalling that Darling said he would have to cut "deeper than Thatcher", and that the difference between Labour and Coalition planned cuts are rather marginal in the wider scheme of things, this 'it's all ideological' chat seems to be head-burying to me.

    I think we can meaningfully distinguish between benefit payments like child benefit and the NHS proper. 'Health is not for sale', as the the Italian Union workers once chanted. Giving a universal benefit to the middle class to spend on extra bruschetta for Tarquin does not, in my opinion, have the same importance.

  • @Arkady. At no point did I say I agree with universal benefits. I don't. However the way the cuts are being implemented is both unfair and will cause unnecessary suffering for large numbers of people who in no way contributed to the problem in the first place. (incapacity benefit claimants being only a few) Anyone who works in education, and particularly in pastoral care is already beginning to see the results of increased poverty levels. The notion that those in real need are being protected is laughable. Meanwhile bankers' bonuses went up 10% in the last year. I would be equally pissed off if it was Labour.
  • @Siolae - apologies, I was replying to Ali. That said, you appeared to be agreeing with her statement where she defended universal benefits.

  • I don't think Alistair D would have come across as "gloating". You just need to see the Cabinet Secretary in action - he is loving it !

  • @Arkady I was agreeing with the Guardian article Ali posted rather than the idea of universal benefits. This is what scares me: that the cuts are going to do such immense damage and are being rushed through without a clear analysis of the consequences.
  • I'm beginning to think that the headlines on friday 21st (after the 20th announcement) will be "big cuts, but a lot slower than expected"

  • Yeah, I'm hoping that they're being talked up so that what we do get, while severe, will still make everyone breathe a sigh of relief. But that does rely on an assumption that Osborne has at least some basic tactical common sense.
  • All I can say with regards to benefits is that for the first time last year after a degree and earning a decent wage all my 16yrs of working fulltime I couldn't afford to live after the recession hitting the industry I work in and being on the dole for longer than a month.

    I turned to housing benefits after 6months when my redundancy pay had run out... Now that I'm back working as much as I can freelance I can't actually afford the place that housing benefits were paying the full whack for!!

    So I can SO UNDERSTAND why people scrounge off benefits and can't be bothered to get 'proper' jobs. It has opened my eyes to the whole way it operates and it doesn't help people to get motivated to fulltime employment at all.

    Don't get me wrong though I would much rather work than watch paint dry at home all day - but it was a real revelation and made me realise how easily it can become a 'way of life'.
  • I thought this was quite interesting from Stephanie Flander’s blog on the BBC web site

    “Labour tilted the tax and benefit system in the direction of children and families, particularly low income single parent families. For better or worse, that is what their target of eradicating child poverty encouraged them to do. It is going to be hard to raise serious money from the benefit system without tilting it back. According to the IFS, single parents are now about 13-16% better off as a result of Labour's tax and benefit changes, depending on whether they work. Non-pensioner households without children, on average, are worse off than they would have been if the 1997 system had remained unchanged. (These averages exclude people earning more than £100,000 a year who have been hit by higher tax.) Interestingly, given this week's debate, Labour's changes also turn out to have favoured families with "stay at home" mums. Other things equal, the average one earner household with children was nearly 6% better off in 2010 than they would have been under the old system, whereas, households with children where both couples work were just over 1.2% worse off. But note this last group still did a lot better than dual earner couples without any children in the house, who were about 4% worse off as a result of the changes Labour brought in. The upshot is that the coalition is not going to be able to take a lot of money out of the system they inherited without leaving a lot of families worse off. Put it another way: "family-friendly" deficit cuts on the scale that Mr Osborne believes to be necessary are almost certainly a contradiction in terms.”

    Any views from single parents on this to counter views of the single non parents who are commenting on here

  • The reality is the cuts are likely to force a lot of women out of work, regardless of what they say about making work pay. The only reason I was able to go back to work after my daughter was born was because Labour had introduced child tax credits and that paid part of the child care. Under the old system I simply couldn't have done it and I wasn't on a very low wage. This is because the cost of childcare is astronomical in London: 8 years ago I was paying £150 per week to a child minder (couldn't afford the £220 a week the local private nursery cost) and I was a single income household. I would imagine the costs are higher now. With rent and bills on top my wages just didn't cover it. It was the only reason I wasn't on benefits. Obviously it was my choice to have my child but by working at least I was paying back into the pot, and because I was able to keep working I have progressed in my job and continue to pay in increasing amounts of tax. None of which would have happened if that benefit had not been available.
  • @Arkady - You have a tendency to overlook what's in front of you.
    See Andy's opener for this thread '..I'm not interested in people making party political points..' etc. Hence that description in my response. You were obviously looking down the wrong end of the telescope.

    @Andy - It is indeed a good idea to try to 'ignore motives' In practice I'm not sure many of us could get past two or three sentences or para's without reference to this or that a party's view.The 'effects' are described in copious commentary from the media and in the house.
    I understand the appeal of 'impact and facts' but not even the architechts of these grand plans have real detail on that. I'm sure they have no idea what to do if their deficit reduction plans don't work either.
  • The 'effects' are described in copious commentary from the media and in the house.

    • but the commentary is commentary, not fact. Fact, for me, is someone saying "because of changes x and y, I'm going to do z". Are people really going to move out of London? Or will private rents come down? Or what? People can respond in a number of ways to these changes.

    I understand the appeal of 'impact and facts' but not even the architechts of these grand plans have real detail on that.

    • I agree, but I think that's the point. It seems that many of the consequences of these changes are unknown. So whilst "this is all terrible" is a perfectly reasonable response, I'm more interested in people's practical response. For me, someone saying "As a result of this change, I'm going to do this" is what's missing from the argument.

    One of the best things I saw on the recession was on a football forum, where people were reporting what was happening in their company, their family or to their job. It was so much more illuminating than a media narrative about 'cuts' in the abstract.

  • @siolae - Childcare costs seem like another big issue, especially in London. It just seems so expensive, even for dual earners.

  • Had to laugh a bit at a government document which has been leaked from number 10.

    Apparently the Government is a bit concerned that it is not being viewed as to quote “the most family-friendly government ever".

    During the last election the Tories had the concept a creature they dubbed the "Holby City woman" – middle-aged women doing clinical or clerical jobs, who they apparently sucessfully targetted in the demise of GB but feel they are now loosing. ( I wonder why?)

    There is more about the leak here

    http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2011/sep/13/government-plan-win-back-women

    If you want to read the actual restricted doc it is here

    http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/interactive/2011/sep/13/leaked-memo-women-coalition-government

    Maybe DC should refrain from the sexist remarks he seems to have habit of using in the House.

    Some of the stuff in there is quite interesting although it would be interesting to see how shortening school hols or introducing personal budgets for maternity services to allow women to shop around for services will go down with folks.

    Getting quotes to have your baby whatever next !

    I also see from other sources that the Universal Credits bill which IDS is pushing through has a move from bi weekly benefit payments to monthly.

    Apparently this prepares people for work !

  • [...] sucessfully targetted in the demise of GB [...]

    I was sitting there wracking my brains tying to figure out just when was the 'demise of Great Britain' of which you speak, before I figured out what you meant :-)

  • I suspect that might come if the Euro colapses !

  • I am the Hackney single parent ADGS mentioned above, and no, it is not very likely to affect me BUT I have incredibly cheap rent on my council flat, if I were living somewhere comparable (i.e. big enough for me and my kid, not in any way a palace) privately rented it would quite conceivably cause some problems, and if there were more than two of us in the household I can see it being quite easy to be screwed by that cap.

    The main problem, I think, is the ridiculous level of private rents in London - if they could somehow cap those then it would automatically reduce the housing benefit bill, surely?
  • Oh, also, it's rarely as simple as "just move somewhere cheaper!" because, well, moving costs money, particularly if you have an entire family's worth of stuff to move with you. I have friends who are a single income household - no kids - and when he lost his (well-paid enough to rent a house in a small town, not enough to save much) job everyone said "oh, why not move into a smaller house? You'll save loads!" Except that with the cost of moving, plus the fact that they probably wouldn't find anywhere very quickly, and the fact that they had a fixed contract on their current house, and they'd either have to get rid of a lot of their stuff or put it into storage, it would not have actually saved any money over the first year or so, if at all.

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